[…] lymph node affected by Hodgkin’s lymphoma, a cancer of lymphoma white blood cells. Stock image. Tumour immunology encompasses the study of interactions between tumours and the immune system, focusing on understanding […]
CancerTools.org is committed to empower cancer researchers and the advancement of novel discoveries in tumour immunology by providing relevant research tools, including antibodies targeting tumour antigens. Image: Human breast cancer stained with an antibody to Pax-2. Photo credit: Jason Carroll at the CRI. Tumour antigens are proteins, glycoproteins, glycolipids, or carbohydrates found in tumour cells and recognised by cellular or humoral effectors of the immune system. Tumour antigens are not only useful in identifying cancer cells, they also can be leveraged as targets in cancer therapy. With the ever-increasing potential of tumour antigens in immunotherapy approaches, including cell therapy and cancer vaccines, their discovery and research has become crucial to support successful immunotherapy. Tumour antigens can be classified into tumour-specific antigens and tumour-associated antigens, which in turn can be sub-categorised, based on antigen origin (1,2). Tumour-specific antigens are restricted to tumours and are not found in healthy cells as they are the result of malignant mutations or the expression of viral elements (1,2). They include: > Neoantigens, produced as a direct consequence of genetic alteration caused by tumour DNA mutations and are […]
Tumour immunology studies the complex interactions between cancer cells and the immune system. Research in this field aims to uncover the mechanisms by which the immune system inhibits cancer growth […]
One of the major challenges for tumour research is identifying how tumour cells exploit their surrounding cells, the so-called tumour microenvironment (TME), to help form and expand the tumour itself. […]
[…] microenvironment or genetic changes, is known to have an important role in the growth of experimental tumours. HIF1A has been observed in varying subsets of tumour cells from various solid tumours.
Tumor necrosis factor is a cell signaling protein or cytokine that is involved in inflammation, and specifically one of the proteins in the acute phase reaction.
[…] of cancer and distinct subtypes have been identified. Adding to the challenging complexities of cancer, is tumour heterogeneity, which refers to the differences among tumours of the same type within different […]
MDM2 is over-expressed in many tumours. Its principal function is the ubiquitination and degradation of p53 tumour suppressor protein.
Studies suggest that this gene plays a role in organ development, wound healing, and tumor progression. Mutations in this gene have been associated with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, somatic and familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and a variety of other cancers.
Anti-p53 DO-11 antibody recognises the human cellular tumour antigen p53, also known as p53 tumour suppressor protein or NY-CO-13. p53 is a 393 amino acid ~53kDa cytoplasmic/ nuclear protein upregulated […]
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